Explained “IF” Formula in Microsoft Excel

The IF formula is a conditional formula in Excel that allows you to check whether a certain condition is true or false and return a specific value based on the result. The syntax of the IF formula is :-

=IF(logical_test,value_if_true,value_if_false)

1.   The logical_test is the condition you want to test, which can be a logical expression, a comparison, or a cell reference that contains a value to be evaluated. For example, "A2>B2" or "C2=10".

2.   The value_if_true is the value that will be returned if the logical_test is true. This can be a number, text, formula, or cell reference. For example, "Yes" or "A2*2".

3.   The value_if_false is the value that will be returned if the logical_test is false. This can also be a number, text, formula, or cell reference. For example, "No" or "B2*3".

 

Here's an example of how to use the IF formula in Excel:

Suppose you have a column of test scores in column A and you want to assign a letter grade based on each score. You can use the following IF formula :-

=IF(A2>=90,"A",IF(A2>=80,"B",IF(A2>=70,"C",IF(A2>=60,"D","F"))))

This formula tests the value in cell A2 to see if it is greater than or equal to 90. If it is, it returns "A". If it is not, it moves on to the next logical test, which checks if the value in A2 is greater than or equal to 80. If it is, it returns "B". If not, it moves on to the next logical test and so on. If none of the logical tests are true, it returns "F".